A practical guide on svg for cnc routing — when, why, and how.

CNC routers use vector paths to guide the cutting bit through wood, acrylic, aluminum, and other materials. SVG is a common input format for CNC software.

How CNC Uses SVG

CNC software (like Carbide Create, Easel, VCarve) imports SVG paths and generates toolpaths — the exact movements the router bit follows. Different path colors or layers can define different operations: outside cuts, inside cuts, pockets, and V-carve areas.

Converting PNG Designs

If your design is a PNG image, convert it to SVG to get the vector paths your CNC software needs. This works best with flat-color designs like signs, logos, decorative panels, and inlays.

Important Considerations

  • Bit diameter: Inside corners will be rounded to the bit radius — design accordingly
  • Path direction: Climb vs conventional cutting affects finish quality
  • Closed paths: All cut regions must be closed paths for proper toolpath generation
  • Material waste: Nest multiple pieces efficiently on the material sheet